泰伯篇第八
原 文：子曰：“泰伯 ，其可谓至德也已矣。三以天下让，民无得而称焉 。”
白 话：孔子说：“泰伯可以说是品德最高尚的人了，几次让出王位，老百姓都找不到合适的词句来称赞他。”
英 译：Confucius said, “You may well say that Tai Bo is the noblest person. He renounced sovereign authority several times. People just can’t find proper words to praise him.”
原 文：子曰：“恭而无礼则劳 ，慎而无礼则葸 ，勇而无礼则乱，直而无礼则绞 。君子笃 于亲，则民兴于仁，故旧不遗，则民不偷 。”
白 话：孔子说：“恭敬而无礼则徒劳，谨慎而无礼则胆怯，勇敢而无礼则闯祸，直率而无礼则尖刻。如果君子能真心爱护亲属，则百姓就会崇尚仁爱；如果君子能真心爱护故旧，则百姓就不会冷漠无情。”
英 译：Confucius said, “Without proprieties, respectfulness is futile; without proprieties, cautiousness will lead to cowardice; without proprieties, braveness
will cause trouble; without proprieties, frankness will become acridness. If gentlemen sincerely love their kinsfolk, people will uphold love and humanity; if gentlemen truly take care of their old friends, people couldn’t be indifferent.”
原 文： 曾子有疾，召门弟子曰：“启予足！启予手！诗云：‘战战兢兢，如临深渊，如履薄冰。’而今而后，吾知免夫，小子！”
白 话：曾子有病，把门下弟子召集到身边说：“看看我的脚！看看我的手有没有损伤！《诗经》上说：‘小心谨慎，好像站在深渊旁边，好像踩在薄冰上面。’从今以后，我知道自己不再会受伤了，弟子们！”
英 译：Zeng Zi was ill and called his disciples together before him and said, “Look at my hands! Look at my feet! Poems said, ‘Trembling with fear, as if facing an abyss, as though walking on thin ice.’. My disciples! From now on, I know
that I won’t be wounded any longer”
原文：曾子有疾，孟敬子问之。曾子言曰：“鸟之将死，其鸣也哀；人之将死，其言也善。君子所贵乎道者三：动容貌，斯远暴慢矣；正颜色，斯近信矣；出辞气，斯远鄙倍矣。笾豆之事，则有司存。”
白话：曾子有病，孟敬子去看望他。曾子说：“鸟临死时，叫声悲哀；人临死时，说话和善。君子应重视三方面道德：容貌庄重，可避免粗暴；脸色严肃，可接近诚信；说话语气得当，可避免粗野悖理。至于祭祀器皿一类的事，自有人管理。”
翻译：Zeng Zi was ill and Meng Jingtzu visited him.Zeng Zi said,“In dying hour,birds cry sadly;in face of death,people speak genially.Gentlemen should pay
attention to three points about virtue:a solemn appearance can avoid rudeness; a severe expression is near honesty;a proper tone can avoid rudeness and
going against common sense.As for matters concerning the tools of etiquette and ceremony,there are certainly some people to manage.”
原文：曾子曰：“以能问于不能，以多问于寡，有若无，实若虚；犯而为校—昔者吾友尝从事于斯矣。”
翻译：Zeng Zi said,“A man who is capable yet seeks advices from someone is incapable;a man who enjoys profound and extensive learning yet consults a
person who is lack of knowledge and information;a man of letters is so modest that he acts as if he has no knowledge at all;a man of great learning is so
modest that he behaves just like a foolish man;a person never bothers about anyone who offends him.In the past,a friend of mine conducted just like this.”
原文：曾子说：“可以托六尺之孤，可以寄百里之命，临大节而不可夺也。君子人与？君子人也。”
白话：曾子说：“可以托付孤儿，可以托付江山，生死关头，不屈不挠。这样的人是君子吗？当然是。”
翻译：Zeng Zi said,“A man is so reliable that you can leave an ophen to him,you can entrust the country to him.And moreover,he is dauntless and
unyielding in critical moment of life and death.Is such a man a gentleman?Certainly is.”
原文：曾子曰：“士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远。仁以为己任，不亦重乎？死而后已，不亦远乎？”
白话：曾子说：“有志者不可以不培养坚强的毅力，因为他责任重大，道路遥远。把实现仁作为自己的责任，难道还不重大吗？奋斗终身，至死不变，难道路程还不遥远吗？”
翻译：Zeng Zi said,“As for a person of resolution and integrity,he cannot but cultivate an unyielding will because his burden is heavy and his way ahead
is long.He considers putting humanity into practice as his responsibility.Surely it doesn’t mean that his burden isn’t heavy.He keeps on fighting throughout
his life and remains unyielding unto death.Could it be said that his way ahead isn’t long?”
原文：子曰：“兴于诗，立于礼，成于乐。”
白话：一译：孔子说：“要有修养从学《诗》开始，立志从学礼开始，最后通过学乐而臻于完美。”二译：孔子说：“依靠吟诗获得兴致，根据礼法建功立业，凭借音乐愉悦身心。”
翻译：Version one: Confucius said,“Self-cultivation begins from learning poems;making up mind starts from learning proprieties and perfection is completed through learning music.”
Version two: Confucius said,“Taking pleasure in reciting poems;carving out career and performing merits according to proprieties;and be in a good mood through enjoying music.”
原文：子曰：“民可使由之，不可使知之。”另一种断句：子曰：“民可，使由之；不可，使知之。”
白话：1.孔子说：“对于老百姓，只能使他们按照我们的意志去做，不能使他们懂得为什么要这样做。”
2.孔子说：“民众赞同的，就要执行；民众不理解的，就要向他们解释清楚。”
翻译：Version one:Confucius said,“You can only let people do something,but not let them know why.”
Version two:Confucius said,“We should do whatever the people approve;we should explain to them clearly about whatever they can’t understand.”
原文：子曰：“好勇疾贫，乱也。人而不仁，疾之已甚，乱也。”
白话：孔子说：“勇敢而又嫌自己太穷，就会作乱。疾恶如仇太过分，也会惹祸。”
翻译：Confucius said,“If a person is very brave but hates poverty,he may cause trouble.If he hates evil men and ugly things too bitterly,he can also trigger disaster.”
原文：子曰：“如有周公之才之美，使骄且吝，其余不足观也已。”
白话：孔子说：“一个人即使有周公那样美好的才能，如果骄傲自大而又吝啬小气，那其他方面也就不值得一看了。”
翻译：Confucius said,“A person is capable even as Zhou Gong,his other aspects are still not worth looking as if he is either arrogant or mean.”
原文：子曰：“三年学，不至于谷，不易得也。
白话：孔子说：“学了三年，还做不了官的，这样的人是不易找到的。”
翻译：Confucius said,“It’s difficult to find a man who has already studied three years but cannot gain an official post.”
原文：子曰：“笃信好学，守死善道。危邦不入，乱邦不居。天下有道则见，无道则隐。邦有道，贫且贱焉，耻也；邦无道，富且贵焉，耻也。”
白话：孔子说：“坚守诚信努力学习，坚持原则终生不渝。危险的国家不去，动乱的国家不住。天下太平就大显身手；天下大乱就韬光养晦。天下太平而自己贫贱，是耻辱；天下大乱而自己富贵，也是耻辱。”
翻译：Confucius said,“Keep promise and study hard;uphold principles unswervingly all one’s life.Do not go to dangerous countries;do not live in
turbulent countries.Fully display one’s talent during great order under heaven; conceal one’s capacities during great disorder across the land.Being poor
during great order across the land,it’s shameful;being rich during great disorder under heaven,it’s shameful too.”
原文：子曰：“不在其位，不谋其政。”
白话：孔子说：“不在那个职位上，就不考虑那职位上的事。”
翻译：Confucius said,“Think of nothing concerning a post you don’t enjoy.”
原文：子曰：“师挚之始，《关雎》之乱，洋洋乎盈耳哉！”
白话：孔子说：“从太师挚演奏的序曲开始，到最后演奏《关雎》的结尾，丰富而优美的音乐在我耳边回荡。”
翻译：Confucius said,“From the very beginning of prelude played by the great musician Mr.Zhi through to the end of Guan Ju,rich and beautiful music constantly echoed in my ears.”
原文：子曰：“狂而不直，侗而不愿，悾悾而不信，吾不知之矣。”
白话：孔子说：“狂妄而不正直，无知而不谨慎，表面诚恳却不守信，我真不知道这类人为什么这样。”
翻译：Confucius said,“Frantic but not upright,childish but not cautious,honest outwardly but unable to keep promise.I really don’t know why some people conduct this way.”
原文：子曰：“学如不及，犹恐失之。”
白话：孔子说：“学习如同赛跑，总怕赶不上，可赶上了，又怕被超过。”
翻译：Confucius said,“Study is just like race.You’re always afraid of being unable to catch up.Yet when you catch up,you’ll be afraid of being overtaken.”
原文：子曰：“巍巍乎，舜禹之有天下也而不与焉！”
白话：孔子说：“多么崇高啊！舜和禹不靠暴力手段夺取天下。”
翻译：Confucius said,“How noble they are!Yao and Shun didn’t seize state power by violence.”
原文：子曰：“大哉尧之为君也！巍巍乎，唯天为大，唯尧则之。荡荡乎，民无能名焉。巍巍乎其有成功也，焕乎其有文章！”
白话：孔子说：“作为一代明君，尧真伟大啊！。多么崇高啊！只有天最高，也只有尧才能效法天。他真是恩深似海，百姓不知道该用什么语言称赞。他的功劳有多大，他制定的礼仪制度有多完美啊！”
翻译：Confucius said,“As an enlightened lord,how great Yao is!What a noble lord he is!Only heaven is the highest one,and only Yao could follow the
example of heaven.His kindness is as deep as the sea and people don’t know what words are suitable to praise him.How great his contributions are!What a perfect propriety-system he made!”
原文：舜有臣五人而天下治。武王曰：“予有乱臣十人。”孔子曰：“才难，不其然乎？唐虞之际，于斯为盛，有妇人焉，九人而已。三分天下有其二，以服事殷。周之德，其可谓至德也已矣。”白话：舜有五位贤臣就能治理好天下。武王说：“我有十个贤才。”孔子说：“人才难得，难道不是这样的吗？尧、舜、武王时期，人才最多。武王的十个贤人中还有一个女性，因此实际上只有九个而已。周文王掌控三分之二的江山，却仍然服从中央的领导。他的品德，真算是至高无上了。”
翻译：Yao had five worthy courtiers to help him get his country well governed.
The lord Wu said,“I have ten worthy courtiers.”Confucius said,“It’s difficult to get talented people,isn’t it?During the periods of Yao,Shun and Wu,there was the largest number of talented people.There was a woman among Wu’s
ten talented people,so in fact he only had nine.Lord Wen of Zhou Dynasty controlled two thirds of the sate power,yet he can still obey the leadership of the central government.His virtues are really most lofty.”
原文：子曰：“禹，吾无间然矣。菲饮食而致孝乎鬼神，恶衣服而致美乎黻冕；卑宫室而尽力乎沟洫。禹，吾无间然矣。”
白话：孔子说：“对于禹，我无可挑剔；他粗茶淡饭却尽力孝敬鬼神；他麻衣布鞋，而祭祀时却华装丽服，他宫室低矮，却致力修治水利。对于禹，我确实无可挑剔。”
翻译：Confucius said,“Yu had no fault for me to find.He led a thrifty and simple life but he did his best to serve spirits and ghosts.He was simply dressed but
always turned himself out smartly when serving sacrifices.His palace was low and humble,but he devoted himself to water projects wholeheartedly.As for Yu,I can find no fault.”